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Mukutaura kwakapfava, madhaimondi akarimwa mulabhu madhaimondi akagadzirwa nevanhu pachinzvimbo chekucherwa pasi.Kana zviri nyore, ungashamisika kuti sei paine chinyorwa chese pazasi pemutsara uyu.Iko kuomarara kunobva pakuti akawanda mazwi akasiyana akashandiswa kurondedzera madhaimani akarimwa lab nevazukuru vavo, uye havasi vese vanoshandisa mazwi aya nenzira imwechete.Saka, ngatitange nemamwe mazwi.

Synthetic.Kunzwisisa izwi iri nemazvo ndiyo kiyi inovhura uyu mubvunzo wese.Synthetic inogona kureva manyepo kana manyepo.Synthetic inogonawo kureva yakagadzirwa nevanhu, yakakopwa, isiri yechokwadi, kana kutotevedzera.Asi, muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, tinorevei kana tichiti “dhaimani rekugadzira”?

Munyika yegemological, synthetic izwi rehunyanzvi hwekuita.Kana uchitaura zvehunyanzvi, matombo ekugadzira makristasi akagadzirwa nevanhu ane chimiro chekristaro chakafanana uye kuumbwa kwemakemikari sechinhu chaicho chiri kugadzirwa.Naizvozvo, "synthetic diamond" ine chimiro chekristaro chakafanana uye chimiro chemakemikari sedhaimondi rechisikigo.Zvakafanana hazvigone kutaurwa nezveakawanda emanyepo kana emanyepo anokosha anowanzo, zvisiri izvo, anotsanangurwa semadhaimani ekugadzira.Kunyepa uku kwakavhiringa kuti izwi rekuti “synthetic” rinorevei, ndosaka vagadziri vazhinji vemadhaimani akagadzirwa nevanhu vachida izwi rekuti “lab yakakura” pane “synthetic.”

Kuti tinzwisise izvi zvizere, zvinobatsira kunzwisisa zvishoma nezvekuti madhaimondi anogadzirwa sei.Pane maitiro maviri ekukura madhaimani ekristaro imwe chete.Yekutanga uye yekare ndiyo High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) maitiro.Iyi nzira inotanga nemhodzi yedhaimani uye inokura dhaimondi rakazara sezvinongoita zvisikwa pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya uye tembiricha.

Nzira itsva yekukura madhaimondi ekugadzira ndeye Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) maitiro.Muchirongwa cheCVD, kamuri inozadzwa nekabhoni yakawanda mhute.Maatomu eCarbon anotorwa kubva kune yasara gasi uye anoiswa pane chidimbu chekristaro chedhaimani chinomisikidza chimiro chekristaro sezvo dombo rinokura rakaturikidzana.Unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvazvokuti madhaimani anorimwa mulabhu anogadzirwa seikubva kuchinyorwa chedu chikuru pane akasiyana matekiniki.Chakakosha chekutora parizvino ndechekuti ese ari maviri maitiro matekinoroji epamusoro anoburitsa makristasi ane chaiwo akafanana makemikari chimiro uye optical zvimiro semadhaimani echisikigo.Zvino, ngatienzanise madhaimani akarimwa lab kune mamwe emamwe matombo aungave wakambonzwa nezvawo.

Lab Yakakura Madhaimondi Kuenzaniswa neDiamond Simulants

Inguvai iyo yekugadzira isiri yekugadzira?Mhinduro ndeyokuti kana iri simulant.Simulants matombo anokosha anotaridzika sechinhu chaicho, chemusikirwo asi chiri chimwe chinhu.Saka, safiri yakajeka kana yakachena inogona kuva dhaimondi simulant nokuti inoratidzika sedhaimondi.Iyo chena sapphire inogona kunge yakasikwa kana, heino hunyengeri, synthetic sapphire.Kiyi yekunzwisisa iyo simulant nyaya haisi iyo gem inogadzirwa (natural vs synthetic), asi kuti inotsiva inotaridzika seimwe gem.Saka, tinogona kutaura kuti sapphire chena yakagadzirwa nemunhu i "synthetic sapphire" kana kuti inogona kushandiswa se "diamond simulant," asi zvingave zvisina kururama kutaura kuti "dhaimondi rekugadzira" nokuti harina. vane chimiro chakafanana chemakemikari sedhaimondi.

Safiya chena, inotengeswa uye yakaburitswa sechena chena, isafire.Asi, kana ikashandiswa pachinzvimbo chedhaimondi, saka iri dhaimondi simulant.Simulant matombo, zvakare, ari kuyedza kutevedzera imwe gem, uye kana asina kuburitswa pachena seanofananidzira anoonekwa semanyepo.Sapphire chena haisi, nemasikirwo, fake (chaizvoizvo yakanaka uye yakakosha gem).Asi kana iri kutengeswa sedhaimani, inova yemanyepo.Mazhinji gem simulants ari kuyedza kutevedzera madhaimondi, asi kunewo masimulants emamwe matombo anokosha (sapphires, rubi, etc.).

Heano mamwe eanonyanya kufarirwa madhaimani simulants.

• Synthetic Rutile yakaunzwa mukupera kwema1940 uye yakashandiswa seyekutanga diamond simulant.
• Inotevera pane yakagadzirwa nedhaimani simulant kutamba ndeye Strontium Titanate.Ichi chinyorwa chakave chakakurumbira dhaimani simulant muma1950s.
• Ma1960 akaunza kuvandudzwa kwemasimikira maviri: Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (YAG) uye Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (GGG).Ose ari maviri madhaimani anofananidzira akagadzirwa nevanhu.Izvo zvakakosha kudzokorora pano kuti nekuda kwekuti chinhu chinogona kushandiswa sedhaimani simulant hachiite "kunyepedzera" kana chinhu chakaipa.YAG, semuenzaniso, ikristaro inobatsira kwazvo iri pamwoyo wedulaser welder.
• Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa madhaimani simulant kusvika nhasi ndeye synthetic Cubic Zirconia (CZ).Yakachipa kugadzira uye inopenya zvakanyanya.Uyu muenzaniso wakanaka wedombo rekugadzira iro riri dhaimondi simulant.MaCZ anowanzo, zvisizvo, anonzi madhaimondi ekugadzira.
• Synthetic Moissanite inogadzirawo imwe nyonganiso.Icho chinhu chakagadzirwa nemunhu, chekugadzira gem icho chine mamwe madhaimondi-sezvivakwa.Semuenzaniso, madhaimondi akanyanya kunaka pakufambisa kupisa, uye ndizvo zvakaita Moissanite.Izvi zvakakosha nekuti madhaimani anonyanya kufarirwa testers anoshandisa kupisa kuparadzira kuyedza kana gemstone idhaimondi.Nekudaro, Moissanite ine chimiro chemakemikari chakasiyana zvachose pane dhaimondi uye akasiyana optical properties.Semuenzaniso, Moissanite ine kaviri-refractive nepo dhaimondi rimwechete-refractive.

Sezvo Moissanite bvunzo sedhaimani (nekuda kwekupisa kwayo kuparadzira zvivakwa), vanhu vanofunga kuti idhaimondi kana yekugadzira diamondi.Nekudaro, sezvo isina chimiro chekristaro chakafanana kana kemikari yedhaimondi, haisi dhaimondi rekugadzira.Moissanite idhaimani simulant.

Zvingave zviri kujeka panguva ino kuti sei izwi rekuti "synthetic" riri kuvhiringa mune ino mamiriro.NeMoissanite tine dombo rekugadzira rinotaridzika uye rinoita zvakanyanya sedhaimani asi harifanirwe kunzi "dhaimondi rekugadzira."Nekuda kweizvi, pamwe chete neindasitiri yezvishongo, tinowanzo kushandisa izwi rekuti "lab yakura dhaimondi" kureva dhaimondi rechokwadi rekugadzira iro rinogovana zvakafanana zvemakemikari zvimiro sedhaimondi rechisikigo, uye isu tinowanzo kudzivirira izwi rekuti "synthetic". dhaimani” zvichipiwa kuti inyongano yakawanda sei yainogona kuunza.

Pane imwe dhaimani simulant inogadzira yakawanda nyonganiso.Dhaimondi rakaputirwa neCubic Zirconia (CZ) matombo anokosha anogadzirwa achishandisa tekinoroji imwechete yeChemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) iyo inoshandiswa kugadzira madhaimondi akarimwa.Nemadhaimondi akavharwa maCZ, dhaimondi rakatetepa kwazvo rekugadzira madhaimani rinowedzerwa pamusoro peCZ.Iwo nanocrystalline madhaimani particles anongoita 30 kusvika 50 nanometer akobvu.Iyo inenge 30 kusvika ku50 maatomu akakora kana 0.00003mm.Kana kuti, kana zvichinzi, yakaonda zvakanyanya.CVD diamond yakavharwa Cubic Zirconia haisi madhaimani ekugadzira.Ivo vanokudzwa Cubic Zirconia diamond simulants chete.Havana kuoma kwakafanana kana chimiro chekristaro chedhaimondi.Kufanana nemamwe magirazi eziso, CVD diamond yakavharwa Cubic Zirconia ine yakanyanyisa kuonda madhaimani coating chete.Nekudaro, izvi hazvitadzise vamwe vatengesi vasina kutendeseka kuvadaidza kuti madhaimani ekugadzira.Zvino, iwe unoziva zviri nani.

Lab Yakakura Madhaimani Kuenzaniswa neMadhaimondi Akasikwa

Saka, zvino zvataziva kuti madhaimani akarimwa mulabhu haasi, yave nguva yekutaura nezve zvaari.Madhaimani anorimwa muLab anofananidzwa sei nemadhaimani chaiwo?Mhinduro yacho inobva mutsanangudzo yezvakagadzirwa.Sezvatakadzidza, dhaimani rekugadzira rine chimiro chekristaro chakafanana uye chimiro chemakemikari sedhaimani rechisikigo.Nokudaro, vanotaridzika sebwe remusikirwo.Vanopenya zvakafanana.Vane kuoma kwakafanana.Padivi nepadivi, lab akakura madhaimani anotaridzika uye anoita semadhaimondi chaiwo.

Misiyano pakati pechisikigo nerabhu yakura madhaimondi anobva pamagadzirirwo aakaitwa.Lab akarimwa madhaimani anogadzirwa nevanhu murabhoritari nepo madhaimondi echisikigo achigadzirwa muvhu.Zvisikwa haisi nzvimbo inodzorwa, isina utachiona, uye maitiro echisikigo anosiyana zvakanyanya.Nokudaro, migumisiro yacho haina kukwana.Kune akawanda marudzi einclusions uye zvimiro zviratidzo izvo zvakasikwa zvakagadzira yakapihwa gem.

Lab akarimwa madhaimani, kune rumwe rutivi, anogadzirwa munzvimbo inodzorwa.Vane zviratidzo zvemaitiro akadzorwa asina kufanana nemasikirwo.Uyezve, zvinoedza kuitwa nevanhu hazvina kukwana uye zvinosiya zvavanokanganisa uye zviratidzo zvekuti vanhu vakagadzira dombo rinokosha.Idzo mhando dzekusanganisirwa uye kusanzwisisika kusiyanisa mukristaro chimiro ndiyo imwe yenzira huru dzekusiyanisa pakati pelab akakura uye echisikigo madhaimani.Iwe unogona zvakare kudzidza zvakawanda nezveungaziva sei kana dhaimondi rakurakana kuti zvechisikigo kubva kuchinyorwa chedu chikuru pamusoro penyaya yacho.

FJUCategory:Lab Yakakura Madhaimani